How do you get British citizenship through marriage?

If you’re married to a British citizen and want to become a British citizen yourself, there are specific steps you need to follow. This guide will help you understand what you need to do, the requirements, and the process involved in obtaining British citizenship through marriage.

Key Takeaways

• You need to live in the UK for at least 3 years on a Spouse Visa before applying for citizenship.
• You must not have spent more than 270 days outside the UK during those 3 years.
• You have to pass a language test unless you meet certain exemptions.
• After applying, it usually takes about 26 weeks to get a decision on your citizenship application.
• Once approved, attending a citizenship ceremony is mandatory to finalize your citizenship.

Understanding British Citizenship By Marriage

Definition of British Citizenship

British citizenship means that you are a legal member of the UK. It gives you the right to live, work, and travel freely within the country. If you are married to a British citizen, you may be able to apply for citizenship yourself.

Importance of Citizenship

Having British citizenship is important because it allows you to:

• Live permanently in the UK
• Work without restrictions
• Vote in elections
• Apply for a British passport

Rights of a British Citizen

As a British citizen, you have several rights, including:

• Access to public services like healthcare
• Protection under UK law
• The ability to travel freely within the UK and abroad

To gain British citizenship through marriage, you must meet certain requirements. For example, you must have lived in the UK for at least three years as a partner of a British citizen. You also need to have one of the following: a spouse visa or indefinite leave to remain. Understanding these rules is crucial for a successful application.

Residency Requirements For British Citizenship

To apply for British citizenship through marriage, you must meet specific residency requirements. Here’s what you need to know:

Minimum Residency Duration

• You must have lived in the UK for at least 3 years as a spouse of a British citizen. This is shorter than the usual 5 years required for other applicants.

Allowed Absences

• During these 3 years, you cannot have been outside the UK for more than 270 days. This ensures that you have a genuine connection to the country.

Breaking Immigration Rules

• It’s crucial that you have not broken any immigration rules during your stay. Violating these rules can affect your application negatively.

Meeting these residency requirements is essential for your application to be considered. If you are married to a British citizen, you can apply for citizenship more quickly than others, making it a valuable option for many. Remember, you must also have Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) or another form of settled status before applying. This is a key step in the process of naturalisation as a British citizen by discretion.

Application Process For British Citizenship

Initial Steps to Take

To start your journey toward British citizenship, you need to follow a few important steps. Here’s a simple guide:

1. Check Eligibility: Ensure you meet the requirements, including having lived in the UK for at least three years.
2. Gather Documents: Collect necessary documents like proof of residency and your settled status.
3. Complete Form AN: Fill out the application form, which can be done online or on paper.

Required Documentation

When applying for British citizenship, you will need to provide several documents. Here’s a list of what you might need:

• Proof of identity (passport or national ID)
• Evidence of residency in the UK for the required period
• Documents showing your settled status (like Indefinite Leave to Remain)
• Any other supporting documents that prove your eligibility

Submitting Your Application

Once you have completed the form and gathered your documents, you can submit your application. Here’s how:

• Online Submission: If you filled out the form online, follow the instructions to submit it electronically.
• Paper Submission: If you completed a paper form, send it along with your documents to the designated immigration office.
• Pay the Fee: Don’t forget to pay the application fee, which is required for processing your application.

After submission, you will receive a confirmation, and your application will be processed. If everything is in order, you will be invited to a citizenship ceremony, marking your new status as a British citizen!

Biometric Information Submission

What Is Biometric Information?

Biometric information includes unique physical traits like fingerprints and photographs. This data helps the UK government confirm your identity and track your immigration status. It’s a crucial part of the application process for British citizenship.

How to Submit Biometric Data

To submit your biometric information, follow these steps:

1. Complete your application: Fill out the necessary forms for British citizenship.
2. Book an appointment: Schedule a time at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) center.
3. Attend your appointment: Go to the center and provide your fingerprints and photograph.
4. Receive confirmation: After your appointment, you will get a confirmation that your biometric data has been submitted.

Importance of Biometric Information

Biometric information is essential for several reasons:

• Identity verification: It helps ensure that the person applying is who they say they are.
• Security: It aids in maintaining the safety of the UK by preventing identity fraud.
• Policy guidance: According to the [biometric information: enrolment](1815) policy, immigration officials must follow specific requirements for collecting this data.

In summary, submitting your biometric information is a key step in the process of obtaining British citizenship. Make sure to follow the steps carefully to avoid any delays in your application.

Language Requirements For Citizenship

Approved English Qualifications

To apply for British citizenship through marriage, you must show that you can speak and understand English. This can be done by:

• Passing an approved English language test at levels B1, B2, C1, or C2.
• Holding a degree that was taught in English.

Exemptions from Language Requirements

You may not need to meet the language requirement if:

• You are 65 years or older.
• You are from certain countries, including the USA, Canada, and Australia.

Importance of Language Proficiency

Having a good grasp of English is crucial. It helps you integrate into British society and shows that you can communicate effectively. This is especially important because marrying a British citizen allows you to live in the UK, but you must also meet specific eligibility criteria, including knowledge of English.

Understanding the language can also help you in daily life, work, and when taking the Life in the UK test, which is another requirement for citizenship.

Life In The UK Test Overview

Purpose of the Test

The Life in the UK Test is a key step for anyone wanting to become a British citizen. It helps show that you understand British culture, history, and values. Passing this test is necessary to prove you are ready for life in the UK.

Test Format and Content

The test consists of 24 questions about British traditions and customs. You will have 45 minutes to answer these questions. Here’s a quick overview of what to expect:

Preparing for the Test

To prepare for the test, you should:

• Read the official handbook for the Life in the UK Test.
• Take practice tests available online.
• Familiarize yourself with British history and culture.

By passing this test, you can show the Home Office that you are ready for permanent residence in the UK. If you have already passed the test for a previous application, you won’t need to take it again for your citizenship application.

The test costs £50 each time you take it. If you don’t pass on your first try, you can retake it as many times as needed, but you will have to pay the fee each time.

Overall, the Life in the UK Test is an important part of the journey to becoming a British citizen. Make sure to prepare well to increase your chances of success!

Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR)

What Is ILR?

Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR) is a type of immigration status that allows you to live in the UK without any time limit. After living in the UK for a certain period, usually on a spouse visa, you can apply for ILR. This status is important because it is a step towards becoming a British citizen.

How to Obtain ILR

To get ILR, you generally need to have lived in the UK for 5 years on a spouse visa. Here are the main steps:

1. Check Residency Requirements: You must not have spent more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12-month period during those 5 years.
2. Demonstrate Knowledge of Life in the UK: You need to show that you understand basic life in the UK, which can include taking a test.
3. Prove Your Relationship: You must provide evidence that you are still in a genuine relationship with your British spouse.
4. Financial Stability: Show that you can support yourself financially without relying on public funds.

ILR and Citizenship Application

Once you have ILR, you can apply for British citizenship. However, you usually need to wait 12 months after receiving ILR to apply, unless you are married to a British citizen. This waiting period is crucial for those looking to become a British citizen.

Processing Time For Citizenship Applications

Typical Processing Duration

Generally, the processing time for UK naturalization applications is around 6 months. However, this can vary based on individual circumstances. If your application is missing documents or requires additional information, it may take longer.

Factors Affecting Processing Time

Here are some factors that can influence how long your application takes:

• Completeness of Application: Missing documents can delay processing.
• Personal Circumstances: Changes in your situation, like divorce or the death of a partner, must be reported to UKVI.
• Interviews: You may be called for an interview, which can add time to the process.

What to Expect After Submission

Once you submit your application, you will receive confirmation of receipt within 4 weeks. After that, you can expect to wait for a decision, which typically takes up to 26 weeks. If approved, you will need to schedule a citizenship ceremony to finalize your citizenship status.

Make sure to keep track of your application and respond promptly to any requests for additional information to avoid delays.

Citizenship Ceremony Requirements

Importance of the Ceremony

Attending a citizenship ceremony is a crucial step in becoming a British citizen. If your application is approved, you must participate in this ceremony if you are 18 years or older. It’s a formal event where you will receive your citizenship certificate, marking your new status.

What Happens During the Ceremony

During the ceremony, you will:

• Take an oath of allegiance to the UK.
• Receive your citizenship certificate.
• Have the opportunity to celebrate this milestone with your family and friends.

Typically, the ceremony is organized by your local council, and you can bring up to two guests with you.

Post-Ceremony Steps

After the ceremony, you need to:

1. Submit your Biometric Residence Permit (BRP) to the Home Office within 5 business days.
2. If you don’t return your BRP on time, you could face a fine of up to £1,000.
3. Once you have your citizenship certificate, you can apply for a British passport. Adult passports are valid for 10 years and cost £75.50.

Additional Information

If you are outside the UK during your ceremony, you can request your nearest UK Embassy or Consulate to hold the ceremony for you. This ensures that you can still complete this important step in your journey to becoming a British citizen.

For more details, refer to the naturalisation booklet that summarizes the legal requirements to apply for naturalisation, as some of these have changed under the Nationality and Borders Act 2022.

Children’s Citizenship Status

Impact of Parent’s Citizenship

When a parent becomes a British citizen, it can affect their children’s citizenship status. If a child is born in the UK to at least one British parent, they automatically gain British citizenship. This means they have the same rights and privileges as any other British citizen.

Eligibility for British Citizenship

For children who are not born in the UK, eligibility for British citizenship can depend on several factors:

• If the child is under 18 and their parent becomes a British citizen, they may also be eligible.
• Children born outside the UK may need to apply for registration as British citizens.

Application Process for Children

The process for children to obtain British citizenship can vary:

1. Gather Required Documents: This includes the child’s birth certificate and proof of the parent’s citizenship.
2. Complete the Application: Fill out the appropriate forms for registration.
3. Submit the Application: Send the completed application along with the required documents to the Home Office.

It’s important to note that children are assumed to have their own family status, which means they are less dependent on their parents’ citizenship status. This can simplify the process for them to gain citizenship on their own account.

For specific cases or unique situations, consulting with an immigration expert is advisable to ensure all requirements are met.

Special Circumstances for Citizenship

Citizenship After Partner’s Death

If your spouse has passed away before you submitted your application for British citizenship, you cannot apply through marriage. However, if you have settled status, you might still qualify for British citizenship through other immigration options. It’s essential to explore these pathways with an immigration expert.

Citizenship for EU Nationals

EU nationals who were living in the UK before Brexit may have different rules. They can apply for settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, which can lead to British citizenship. This status allows them to stay in the UK and eventually apply for citizenship after meeting residency requirements.

Other Unique Situations

There are various unique circumstances that might affect your application for British citizenship. Here are some examples:

• Children of British Citizens: If you are a child of a British citizen, you may automatically qualify for citizenship.
• Long-term Residents: If you have lived in the UK for a long time, you might be eligible for citizenship even if you don’t meet the usual marriage requirements.

For more detailed guidance, consider consulting a professional who specializes in immigration law. They can help you navigate the complexities of your situation and ensure you have the best chance of success in your application.

Frequently Asked Questions

What Are the Residency Rules for Getting British Citizenship Through Marriage?

If you’re married to a British citizen and want to apply for British citizenship, there are specific residency rules you must follow. Here’s what you need to know:

• 3-Year Residency Requirement: You must have lived in the UK for at least three years before you can apply for British citizenship through marriage. This period is shorter than the standard five years required for most other applicants, making it a bit easier for spouses of British citizens. During these three years, you must have held a Spouse Visa (also known as a Marriage Visa) or another form of permission that allows you to live in the UK legally.
• Restrictions on Time Spent Outside the UK: During the three-year residency period, you should not have spent more than 270 days outside the UK. Additionally, in the 12 months leading up to your application, you must not have been outside the UK for more than 90 days. Exceeding these limits could affect your eligibility, so it’s important to track your travel and ensure you stay within the requirements.
• Follow Immigration Laws: Throughout the three-year period, you must have abided by all UK immigration laws. This means you should have the correct visa or immigration status at all times and must not have violated any conditions of your stay.

By meeting these residency requirements, you’ll be on the right track to apply for British citizenship through marriage.

What Steps Do I Need to Take to Apply for British Citizenship by Marriage?

Applying for British citizenship through marriage involves several key steps. Here’s a detailed guide to help you through the process:

1. Check Dual Citizenship Rules: Before you begin, it’s important to find out if your home country allows dual citizenship. While the UK permits its citizens to hold multiple nationalities, some countries do not. If your country doesn’t allow dual citizenship, obtaining British citizenship might mean giving up your current nationality. Make sure to understand the implications and make an informed decision.
2. Meet the Residency Requirements: Ensure that you have met the 3-year residency rule and have not spent more than 270 days outside the UK during this period. Also, check that you haven’t violated any immigration laws during your stay.
3. Gather Required Documents: You’ll need various documents to support your application, including:
   • Your marriage certificate: To prove your marriage to a British citizen.
   • Proof of your spouse’s British citizenship: This could be a passport, certificate of naturalization, or other official document.
   • Proof of residency: Documents such as utility bills, council tax statements, or letters from employers to show you’ve been living in the UK for the required time.
   • Biometric Residence Permit (BRP): If you have one, you’ll need to provide this as part of your application.
   • Evidence of English proficiency: More on this in the language requirements section below.
4. Pass the Life in the UK Test: You must take and pass the Life in the UK test, a 24-question multiple-choice exam that covers aspects of British culture, history, laws, and values. Preparing for this test is crucial, as it assesses your knowledge of life in the UK.
5. Complete the Online Application: The application for British citizenship is completed online. Go to the UK government website and fill out the naturalization form AN. This form will ask for details about your residency, employment, travel history, and personal information.
6. Pay the Application Fee: The current fee for naturalization is around £1,330 (but this is subject to change, so check the latest fee on the government website). Keep in mind that this fee is non-refundable, even if your application is denied.
7. Submit Biometric Information: As part of the application process, you’ll need to provide your biometric information, which includes fingerprints and a photo. You will be instructed on how to book an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) center to complete this step.
8. Submit Required Documents: You will need to upload your supporting documents online, or, if instructed, bring them to your biometric appointment.
9. Wait for a Decision: After submitting your application, the processing time can take up to 26 weeks (about six months). During this time, the Home Office will review your application, verify your documents, and carry out background checks.

How Long Does It Take to Get British Citizenship Through Marriage?

Once you’ve submitted your application, it usually takes about 26 weeks (around six months) for the Home Office to make a decision. However, processing times can vary depending on factors such as the volume of applications and the complexity of your case. If your application is successful, you will be invited to attend a citizenship ceremony.

Do I Need to Attend a Citizenship Ceremony?

Yes, attending a citizenship ceremony is a mandatory step in becoming a British citizen. Here’s what you can expect:

• Booking the Ceremony: If your application is approved, you will receive an invitation to book a citizenship ceremony. You generally have three months from the date of approval to attend the ceremony.
• Oath of Allegiance: During the ceremony, you will make an oath of allegiance (or an affirmation if you prefer not to swear by God) to the UK. This is your promise to respect the rights, freedoms, and laws of the United Kingdom.
• Receive Your Citizenship Certificate: At the end of the ceremony, you will be given a citizenship certificate, which officially confirms your new status as a British citizen.

The citizenship ceremony is usually a formal yet welcoming event, often held at a local council office, where you may meet others who are also becoming British citizens.

What If My Partner Has Passed Away? Can I Still Apply for Citizenship?

If your spouse or partner has passed away, applying for British citizenship through marriage becomes more complicated. Generally, the pathway to citizenship through marriage is contingent on your spouse being a British citizen at the time of your application. If your partner has died, you might not be able to apply under the standard route for spouses of British citizens.

However, each case is unique, and there might be other options available. It’s best to consult with an immigration lawyer to discuss your specific circumstances and explore alternative routes to citizenship, such as applying based on long-term residency or another qualifying status.

What Are the Language Requirements for British Citizenship?

To become a British citizen, you must demonstrate your proficiency in English. There are a few ways you can fulfill this requirement:

• Pass an Approved English Language Test: The UK government provides a list of approved English tests that you can take. The test must assess your speaking and listening skills and be at the B1 level or higher of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR).
• Educational Qualifications: If you have a degree taught or researched in English, you can use this to prove your language ability. However, if your degree was obtained outside the UK, you might need to provide an Academic Qualification Level Statement (AQUALS) and an English Language Proficiency Statement (ELPS) from UK NARIC (now known as Ecctis) to verify that your degree meets the requirements.
• Exemptions: Some individuals may be exempt from the language requirement, such as those over a certain age or those with specific medical conditions.

Will My Children Become British Citizens If I Do?

Your children do not automatically become British citizens if you gain citizenship. However, they may be eligible for registration as British citizens if they meet certain conditions. Here are some possible scenarios:

• Children Born in the UK: If your child was born in the UK while you were living here on a visa or as a permanent resident, they may be eligible to register as a British citizen once you obtain citizenship.
• Children Born Outside the UK: If your children were born outside the UK, they may need to go through a separate application process. Factors such as their age, your status at their birth, and where they were born will affect their eligibility.

It’s advisable to review your children’s circumstances and, if necessary, seek legal advice to understand their eligibility for British citizenship.

Can I Apply for a British Passport After Getting Citizenship?

Yes, once you have completed your citizenship ceremony and received your citizenship certificate, you can apply for a British passport. Here’s how to go about it:

1. Gather Required Documents: You’ll need your citizenship certificate, photographic identification, and recent passport-style photos.
2. Complete the Passport Application: You can apply online or use a paper form available from the Post Office. The application requires personal information, including details about your citizenship ceremony and your naturalization certificate number.
3. Pay the Fee: The fee for a standard adult British passport is currently around £82.50 for online applications. Prices may vary, so check the latest fees before applying.
4. Submit Your Application: Once you’ve completed the form and provided the necessary documents, you’ll need to send your application to Her Majesty’s Passport Office.

After processing, you will receive your new British passport, officially granting you the ability to travel as a British citizen.